- Most common congenital cardiac disorder characterized by an abnormal opening between right and left ventricles; Acyanotic with pulmonary vascular resistance.
- Small openings maybe asymptomatic except for systolic murmur heard at lower left sternal border.
- Large defects will have loud, harsh murmurs throughout precordium are, right ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac enlargement by radiograph.
- Diagnosis made by history, chest radiograph, ECG, CBC/ABGs, cardiac catheterization.
- Complications are CHF and Bacterial endocarditis.
- main nursing diagnosis: Altered nutrition less than body requirement, Decrease cardiac output, Impaired gas exchange, Risk for infection and activity intolerance.
- Nursing care: Hydration and adequate nutrition (small frequent feeding) , Plan ADLs and routines with rest periods; minimize O2 requirements, knee chest position during hypoxic spells; provide age appropriate stimulations, infection precautions, Play therapy during pre-op orientation, and health teachings for medical management and follow-ups.
VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT
