- caused by the fungus Candida, women notices thick, cheese like vaginal discharge, and extreme pruritus.
- more frequent during pregnancy because of increased estrogen level. other women experience this because of antibiotic therapy, gestational DM, with HIV.
- important to be treated during pregnancy before delivery with local antifungal agent (nystatin suppositories) since it can be transmitted vaginally.
- caused by trichomonas vaginalis; women notices yellow gray vaginal discharge adhering to vaginal walls.
- associated with preterm labor.
- drug of choice is metronidazole (Flagyl), which can be teratogenic during first trimester.
- caused by gardnerella or bulimus curtsii organisms; woman notices gray discharge with fish-like odor.
- pregnant women treated with ampicillin or amoxicillin- the safest drug of choice.
- most common during pregnancy with heavy gray-white vaginal discharge; diagnosis made by culture; women are screened by the first prenatal visit and by third trimester.
- associated with premature rupture of membrane, preterm labor, and endometritis during post partum. Infant can suffer from conjunctivitis and pneumonia following birth.
- tetracycline is contraindicated during pregnancy; but amoxicillin or erythromycin can be used.
- a systemic disease caused by treponema pallidum.
- first stage is a painless vulvar ulcers; after 18th week spirochete crosses the placenta and may cause preterm labor, stillbirth, or congenital anomalies in the newborn.
- women are screened at the first prenatal visit, again at about 36th week, and once again during labor.
- drug of choice is benzathine penicillin G; safe during pregnancy.
- woman develops painful, small pinpoint vesicles surrounded by erythema on the vulva or vagina.
- can be transmitted across the placenta to cause congenital anomaly or vginally for congenital infections.
- cesaran delivery is preferred. Drug of choice (acyclovir) is contraindicate during pregnancy; woman can reduce the pain by Sitz bathing.
- caused by neisseria gonorrhea, which may not produce symptoms or a yellow green vaginal discharge may be present.
- associated with spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery, and endometritis during post partum.
- very important to be treated during pregnancy because it can cause blindness for infants after birth.
- drug of choice is Ceftriaxone, and is safe during pregnancy.
- causes fibrous tissue overgrowth on the external vulva (condyloma acuminatum).
- associated with cervical cancer; obstructs vaginal orifice and exposing infant to the infection; cesarean delivery is preferred.
- lesions are treated and removed during post partum period.
- no apparent symptoms; associated with UTI, intraamniotic infection, and post partal endometritis.
- can be transmitted through placenta or from direct contact in vaginal canal and caused pneumonia and meningitis.
- women are screened and treated at 38th weeks aith either penicillin or erythromycin until delivery.
