- Improperly implanted placenta in lower uterine segment caused by multiparity, presence of myomas, previous CS, uterine abnormalities.
- Can be classified as complete (total or central) , partial and marginal or low lying.
- Presence of mild bleeding to hemorrhage leading to anemia, shock, fetal and maternal deaths sepsis.
- Painless bleeding is as early as 7 months ; with soft uterus.
- Diagnosis is done through ultrasound, identification of fetal position, hemoglobin and hematocrit count.
- Sterile vaginal exam deferred unless double set up is available.
- Nursing implications include: Strict bed rest, close monitoring of bleeding and maternal and fetal well-being; preventive shock measures.
PLACENTA PREVIA
