MOOD DISORDERS

What are MOOD DISORDERS?

• Group of disorders characterized by a decreased or entire loss of control over mood.
• The mood disturbances may occur in different patterns of severity, duration, alone or in combination.

What are the common ETIOLOGICAL THEORIES?

1. Genetic Theory: If one parent has bipolar disorder 25% chance of transmission to the child.
2. Aggression turned inward theory: over developed superego leads to depression.
3. Object loss Theory: loss of parent before age 11 increases risk for depression.
4. Personality Organization Theory: Obsessive-Compulsive, Oral dependent, Hysterical Personalities have higher predisposition to mood disorders.
5. Cognitive Theory: Mood disorder results from (-) view of self, (-) view of future, (-) interpretation of experience.
6. Learned Helplessness Theory: Mood disorder is caused by a belief that one has no control over his environment.
7. Psychoanalytic Theory: Mania is a defense against underlying depression. Depression is due to rigid superego.
8. Biologic Factor: Mania is related to increased norepinephrine while depression is related to low norepinephrine

What are the Common Precipitating Factors?

• Loss of a Loved one
• Major Life events
• Roles strain
• Decreased coping resources
• Physiological changes

What are the Different TYPES OF MOOD DISORDERS?

1. DEPRESSION
2. BIPOLAR DISORDERS

What are the subtypes of DEPRESSIONS?

1. Major Depression - severe, last for at least 2 weeks.
2. Dysthymic Depression - less severe (last for 2 years or more)
3. Depression Not Otherwise Specified (DNOS) - last for 2 days - 2 weeks.

What are the Subtypes of BIPOLAR DISORDERS?

1. Manic - severe, last for at least 1 week.
2. Hypomanic - less severe, last for at least 4 days.
3. Bipolar I - with history of mania.
4. Bipolar II - with no History of mania
5. Cyclothymia - numerous episodes of hypomania and depressed mood that last for at least 2 years.

Difference between Mania and Depression:
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